Method of tubing cloth for bags and the like



May 31, A1932, P. E. MoRRaLL ET AL.

' METHOD 0F TUBING. CLOTH FOR BAGS ND THE LIKE Filed July 9, 195o 5 sheets-sheet s M mm In.'`

May 31, 1932. P. EMORRILL. EI AL HETHOD OF TUBIVNG CLOTH FOB. BAGS AND THE LIKE Filed July S. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 3l, N32. P. E. MORRILL. ET AL.

METHOD 0F TUBING CLOTH FOR BAGS AND THE LiKE Filed July 9, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet Patented May 31, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PHILIP E. MORRILL, OF WEBSTER GROVE S, AND CHARLES V. BRADY, OF ST. LOUIS,

MISSOURI, ASSIGNORS T BFMIS BRO. BAG CO., OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A'COBPORA- TION OF MISSOURI METHOD OF TUBING CLOTH FOR BAGS AND THE LIRE Application led July 9, 1930. Serial No. 466,724.

This invention relates to a method. of tubing cloth, and with regard to certain more specific features to such a method for tubing cloth adapted to be used more particularly in the manufacture of bags.

The broad object of the present invention is to perform a tubing operation on cloth or fabric such as burlap, for example; the resulting cloth tubing being adapted to be used generally for bags such as described 1n a copending application for United States Letters `Patent of Charles V. Brady for fastening, Serial Number 441,264,1filed April 3, 1930.

Among the other objects of the invention may be noted the provision of a method. of tubing cloth or the like, said tubingl being effected by applying to the cloth in an improved manner an adhesive so that certain new and useful results are attained in contradistinction to the old, disadvantageous methods of sewing.

Another object of the invention is to permit of the effecting of an adhesive operation on a reticulated material such as cloth or fabric without pressing adhesive into the resulting tube.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method of effecting the results herein described which may be carried out on an automatic machine without deleteriously affecting said machine or the product thereon.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointedout hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the elements and combinations of elements, and steps and sequence of steps, which will be exeinplilied in the method hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which Will be indicated in the following claims. y

In the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated one of various possible embodiments of the invention,

Fig. l is a top plan view of the machine used in carrying out the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a left side elevation of the machine;

kadhesive passes through Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, taken substantially on line 3-3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 3; A

Fig. 5 is a plan view of one unit of the product made according to the present method and,

Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

It has been known to tube paper for bag forming purposes but we have found that the automatic methods heretofore used in that'art are not applicable to the art of tubing cloth or fabric for bag forming purposes. The reason for this lies in the fact that the paper or like material for paper and similar bags is not reticulated, that is to say, any adhesive applied thereto is not forced therethrough; whereas with cloth or fabric, the if no provision is made toprevent it, and cause opposite faces of the sides of the bag to adhere deleteriously or will deleteriously coat certain parts of the apparatus used.

Referring non7 more particularly to Figs. l and 2, there is illustrated at numeral 1 a frame which supports a platen 3 upon which the tubing is to be formed. At the receiving end of the machine is located a supporting shaft 5 for carrying a supply roll 7 of what will hereinafter be referred to as a web, said web comprising the material from which the tubing is made. The shaft carries a pulley 9 with which a brake shoe l1 is adapted to cooperate for purposes of placing tension in' the web as it is drawn through the machine. The brake shoe 11 is adapted to provide a predetermined tension under adjustment of a pressure adjusting screw 13.

Above the shaft 5, the frame 1 is extended to support idling feed rolls 15, 17 and 19 over which the web :2l is threaded and adaptsuch passage will ed to pass. From the last roll 19 the web passes downwardly beneath a directing shoe 23, theA purpose of which is to direct the web into a tangential movement on and above the platen 3. Then the material passes through creasing guides or shoes 25, so that the-opposite edges or selvages thereof are brought into lapped juxtaposition as shown at the center of Fig. 1. Suitable smoothing plates '27 aid in bringing the opposite edges or selvages into proper overlapping juxtaposition.

It will be seen from the above that in order to close the seam which results from the juxtaposition of the edges or selvages, that either stitching must be applied, or some form of adhesive must be interposed to fasten the juxtaposed surfaces. The latter, more advantageous method is used herein and is accomplished by supporting a pasting roll 29 under the arch of the web as it passes over the feed rolls 15, 17, 19. This pasting roll dips into a container of adhesive 31, such as liquid latex and also presses against the fabric side ofthe edge of the web which is passing over the roll 19, the reaction for effecting a proper application being supplied by sai feed roll 19.

A feature of this invention comprises the advantageous manipulation of the type of materialused. The material is shown more particularly in Fig. 6 comprising a layer of reticulated fabric material 33 such as cloth (burla p) to which is adhered by an asphaltic material or the like, a layer of paper 35. This adhered fabric-paper combination is what comprises the web 21. The material is so placed in the roll 7 that the paper is inside, as indicated at numeral 37 in Figs. 2 and 3, and the cloth is outside, as indicated at numeral 39 of said Figs. 2 and 3. Thus the cloth side of the web is on the under or inside of the reach of arch formed by the web passing over the guide rolls 15, 17 and19. This results in the pasting roll 29 applying adhesive 41 to the cloth side of the left hand selvage as shown in Fig. 4.

The ri ht hand selvage comprises a bare strip of c oth 43 formed by having previously brought the paper liner 35 somewhat short of the edge of said cloth 33, it being understood that said liner reaches the edge of the other selvage of the web, or at least reaches the region to which adhesive is to be applied.

Thus, as the left hand selva e 45 with the ahesive therebeneath is turne over to turn up the adhesive and brought beneath the unlined selvage 43, and the unlined or reticulated selvage 43 forced down on the selvage 45 with adhesive thereon, there results a joining action, the adhesive (latex being forced outwardly through the reticu ations or the bare cloth forming the selvage 43.

From what has gone before, it will be un- -derstood that in the case of the pasted, lined selva e 45, the paper lining is brought up to the e ge of the cloth. Hence,` when pressure is brou ht to bear upon the juxtaposed selvages (incipiently by the last of the plates 27 and finally by a roller 47), the adhesive is raeaaea -forced upwardly or outwardly through the reticulations of the sclvage but is not pressed downwardly through the selvage 45, because said sclvage 45 is lined by the paper 35 which originally wasoutsidc in the ormiug operations but is ,finally on the in side of the tubing. Thus opposite sides of the tubing are prevented from adhering.

The tubing` and webbing is drawn through this machine by a set of rolls 49 driven from a main shaft 53 by suitable change gears 56. The shaft is driven from a suitable source of power`55.

After passing through the driving rolls 49, the then flat, edge pasted tubing passes 'over a biased lfnife edge 57 with which cooperates at intervals with a second, non-biased, rcvolv ing knife edge 59 supported on a shaft 61 and driven by gears 63 from said main shaft 53. In order that the revolving knife 59 may be eii'ective, it is mounted on a frame (35 on the opposite side of which is a counterweight G7 providing inertia effects for driving the blade 59 through its cutting action. It will be understood that the linear velocity of the blade 59 is approximately equal to or perhaps somewhat higher than the linear velocity of the tubing being cut. The biased arrange- 'ment of the lower, stationary knife 57 does not produce a biased cut, because the tubing is being moved as it is cut. Hence the cut is substantially right angular with respect to the direction of movement.

After the tubing is cut into predetermined lengths, depending upon the change gears used, it is delivered from the machine over a delivery roll 69, from whence it passes to a suitable receiving table 71.

The character of the finished product is indicated in Figs. 5 and 6, except it is to be understood in connection with Fig. 6 that the thickness of the joint or pasted seam is somewhat exaggerated forclarity. It is also to be noted that Fig. 6 is a view showing the appearance of a cross section when viewed from the delivery end of the machine. This figure illustrates certain ofthe points made hereinbefore, namely, that the adhesive 41 cannot be pressed through and into the tubing, hecauseof the paper liner 35 beneath the selvage 45 but that it can be pressed upwardly throught the reticulations of the unlined selvage 43.

It will be noted from Fig. 1, that the roller 47 after a short period of operation in contact with the seam becomes coated with adhesive and lint or the like, the adhesive having been pressed up through the unlined upper slevage 43, but this is an advantage, because as the material builds up on the roller at this region, the roller becomes more effective to flatten out the seam. This action also definitely forces the adhesive into the reticulation, both of the upper layer of the lower z overlap the applied selvage and into the unlined selvage 48. This produces a particularly strong joint.

The cuttingof the tubing being accomplished while the joint is undried permits of immediately piling the tube lengths such as shown in Fig. 5 and permitting them to dry while awaiting shipment. Thus no separate drying operation is necessary.

.F rom the above it will be seen that we have provided a continuous, automatic method for orming cloth or fabric tubes of predetermined lengths, from which bags may be sub sequently formed. The new method includes among its advantages the use of a fabric material providing strength, and a leak-proof liner adhered thereto. This liner is not porous nor reticulated as is the fabric. The liner in the automatic operation is placed against the reaction roll with which the pasting roll cooperates so that said reaction roll 19 will not have adhesive applied thereto by said adhesive passing through the reticulation ofthe fabric, the liner preventing this.

Furthermore, the adhesive is applied in a wet condition to the outside of the material (the fabric side), the material as a web being subsequently manipulated to hold it so that the adhesive is externally located but is applied at a lined portion of the fabric. Then and thereafter the opposite unlined selvage is brought over the prepared lined selvage 0r portion. Then bythe roller pressure the adhesive is squeezed upwardly through the unlined, reticulated selvage, the pressure roller incidentally receiving adhesive and building the same up into an advantageous bulge, which both aids in making increased pressure by capillary action or the like and ensuring that the adhesive passes through the said reticulations. It will be understood that the same principles may be employed by applying adhesive to the unlined selvage and folding the other selvage to interiorly adhesive.

The biased-knife cutter operating in conjunction with the process described results in the advantages o ation on one machine without employing an intermediate drying step. The biased construction with the operation of the knife at substantially web speed or somewhat reater provides a practical means for insuring an accurate cut.

In some cases, as, for example, when the reticulated material (burlap) is of exceptional thickness, it may be desirable to apply the adhesive compound (latex) to the juxtaposed side of the unlined selvage as wellas to the fabric side of the lined selvage. Inv seaming, then, the juxtaposed selvaes each carry thereon a layer of adhesive. y such a procedure the amount of adhesive material in the linished seam is substantiall doubled, and a more secure seam is thus e having a complete oper-v fected. In` order so to apply the adhesive to the unlined selvage, a second pasting roll similar to the roll 29 may be provided, in this case at the opposite end of the rollers 15 17 and 19, and outside the arch of the web. rl`he sealning and cutting operations are unatfected by this additional adhesive layer.

In general, adhesive penetration of the outer (unlined) selvage ofthe seam to the exterior of the tubing is of little consequence, as any of such adhesive which might exude has sufficient time to dry during further operations in the tube forming process. In some cases, however, it may be desirable to size or otherwise treat this exterior of the seam in. orderoto prevent penetration.

Drying of the seam, if desired, maybe accomplislied with facility by substituting for the roller 47 a heated roller or platen, or, by adding to the apparatus, subsequently to the roller 47 in the sequence of operations, a heated roller or heated rollers, platens, or drums.

It is to be understood that latex is described herein as exemplary of adhesives of its general nature, and that other similar flexible adhesives may be employed with satisfactory results.

In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. v

As many changes could be made in carrying out the above method without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

l. A method of which comprises exception of one selvage, applying adhesive to the fabric side of the lined selvage, inclining the two selvages toward one another and joining the inclined unlined selvage to the fabric on the adhesive side of said lined sel vage.

2. A method of forming tubing from fabric forming tubing from fabric which comprises lining said fabric at least behind one selvage, applying adhesive tothe fabric side of the lined selvage, inclining the two selvages toward one another and Joining the inclined unlined selvage to the fabric on the adhesive side of said lined selvage.

3. A method of forming tubing from fabric which comprises lining said fabric with the l exception of one selvage, drawing a web of said lined fabric from a su ply, applying adhesive to the fabric side ofp the lined selvage, inclining the two selvages toward one another with the adhesive of one selvage directed away from the lining and joining the inclined unlined selvage to the fabric of the lined selvage, whereby the adhesive permelining said fabric with the y ates the fabric of both selvages but is pre- In testimony Whereof, We have signed our vented by the lining ofthe lined selvage from ialneslgzhls specification this 21st day of enterinnr the resulting tubing. une, v

l. A iethod of foriiiing tribing from fabric PHILIP E. ITvIORRILL. which comprises lining said fabric to include CHARLES BRADY. 7o at least one sclvage, drawing a web of said lined fabric from a supply7 applying adhesive to the fabric side of the lined selvage, inclining the two selvages toward one another p with the adhesive of said lined selvage di- 75 reeted away from` the lining and joining the inclined selvagcs so that the .lined selvage is interior, whereby the adhesive permeates the fabric of at least the lined Selvage but is prevented by the lining of said lined salvage 80 from entering the resulting tubing.

method of forming tubing from fabric which comprises lining said fabric to include one selvage, but not the other.2 drawing a web o of said lined fabric from a supply, applying 85 adhesive to the fabric side of the lined selvage, inclining the two selvages toward one another with the adhesive of said lined selvage directed away from the lining and joini ing the inclined selvages so that the lined sel- 90 vage is interior, whereby the adhesive permeates the fabric of at least the lined selvage but is preventedby the lining of said lined selvagc from entering the resulting tubing and subsequently pressing together the re- 95 sulting juxtaposed fabrics whereby the adhesive is forced outwardly through the fabric of the unlined fabric.

6. A method of forming tubing from fabric which comprises lining the fabric With the 100 exception of one selvage, drawing a web of said fabric from a supply, applying an adhesive to the fabric adjacent its lined selvage, v and folding said web longitudinally so that the unlined selvage is brought in contact with 105 the adhesive,

7. A method of forming tubing comprising lining a fabric, drawing a Web of said lined fabric from a supply, applying adhesive .f to the fabric adjacent one selvage7 and f0ld- 110 ing said web longitudinally, so that the other selvage of the fa ric overlaps the adhesive.

8. The method of tubing a web of recticulated fabric comprising providing the Web with a non-reticulated longitudinal zone, 1,15

drawing a supply of said web from a roll, applying adhesive to the fabric adjacent one selvage thereof and folding the web longil tudinally to position the other selvage over the adhesive. 120

9. The method of tubing a Web of recticulated fabric comprising providing the Web with a non-reticulated longitudinal zone, drawing a supply of said web from a roll, 50 applying adhesive to the fabric adjacent one 125 selvage thereof and folding the web longitudinally to position the other seli'age over the adhesive and pressing the joined selrages to force adhesive through the juxta- I posed fabric areas. 13 

